Finnish study uncovers new mechanism in conifer resin that accelerates wound healing

A compound found in conifer resin, called pinoresinol, reduces inflammation and promotes skin regeneration in wounds, according to new research from the University of Eastern Finland.

The study, reported by Finnish public broadcaster Yle, reveals that purified pinoresinol—common in conifer resin and other plants—suppresses inflammatory mediators and stimulates skin cell proliferation. While the antimicrobial properties of conifer resin are well-documented, researchers suggest its wound-healing effects may extend beyond this, with pinoresinol playing a key role.

Scientists also developed an oil-water emulsion from oxidized resin compounds, enabling testing under natural cell culture conditions. The emulsion demonstrated strong antimicrobial effects against bacteria, yeast, and antibiotic-resistant strains like MRSA, with oxidized resin acids identified as the primary active agents. Even low concentrations proved effective.

Chronic wounds and medical implants face significant risks from bacterial biofilms, which are difficult to treat with current methods. The study found that the tested emulsions not only prevented biofilm formation but also disrupted existing microbial communities.

Interest in plant-based wound care has grown due to rising antibiotic resistance. Conifer resin, particularly from spruce, has been used in Nordic folk medicine for centuries to treat skin damage and infections. Clinical trials have already shown that purified spruce resin products can heal severe wounds and combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Elias Haapakorva, a researcher involved in the study, noted that much remains unknown. “I’d say we’ve only scratched the surface—there’s still a lot to investigate,” he said. His doctoral thesis, “Conifer Resin and Its Extracts in Wound Care: From Folk Tradition to Modern Medicine,” will be examined at the University of Eastern Finland on May 8.