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Household spirits inspire Christmas imagery through Jenny Nyström’s art in Sweden

Tuesday 10th 2024 on 11:03 in  
Finland

In the past, and perhaps still today, the concept of protective household spirits known as “tonttu” existed in Scandinavian culture. Each spirit had specific responsibilities— the main spirit looked after the house, while others were in charge of the sauna and storage shed. Their roles were well-defined, unlike modern life where continuous learning is emphasized. These household spirits were both servants and overseers of the home, requiring respectful treatment, food, and gifts.

The charming imagery of these spirits evolved when Swedish artist Jenny Nyström (1854–1946) began to blend Nordic folklore with Christmas themes. Her foray into holiday illustrations began in the 1870s after Swedish writer Viktor Rydberg published a Christmas tale featuring a elf delivering gifts. A few years later, Nyström illustrated the story, giving the elf bright red clothing and a matching hat, which can be said to define the typical Christmas red we recognize today.

Nyström’s art significantly influenced how Joulupukki, Finland’s Santa Claus, appeared. Her work inspired a well-known American advertising executive, Haddon Sundblom, who was of Swedish and Finnish descent. He redefined Santa’s image in a 1931 Coca-Cola campaign, depicting him as a jolly, plump figure with a long beard and twinkling eyes, a departure from the harsher depictions of the past, particularly in Finland.

Additionally, Nyström was a respected painter in her own right, pursuing art education and winning a prestigious competition. She shared her artistic talents until her death in Stockholm in 1946, becoming one of Sweden’s most beloved artists, especially known for her Christmas illustrations.

Source 
(via yle.fi)