Volcanic eruption at Sundhnúksgígar site becomes second largest in Iceland’s recent history

A volcanic eruption at the Sundhnúksgígar site has become the second largest by area since the series of eruptions began in December 2023. Current indications suggest that lava continues to flow beneath the Svartsengi region, with expectations of gas emissions persisting over the next few days.

Recent measurements indicate that volcanic activity remains steady, with minimal changes in tremor patterns. The lava flow is predominantly directed southeast towards Fagradalsfjall. Deformation measurements in the Svartsengi area show little daily variation, suggesting that the inflow of magma beneath the surface is maintaining pace with the eruption’s output, estimated to be between five to ten cubic meters per second.

Experts conducted aerial assessments of the eruptive sites, revealing that the lava covered an area of 9.1 square kilometers, with a total volume of about 27 million cubic meters, yielding an average thickness of over five meters. The eruption began nine days ago and has now reached a significant volume compared to previous events in the Sundhnúksgígar series.

Forecasts indicate ongoing gas emissions in the coming days, particularly in hiking areas near Fagradalsfjall and around the eruption sites. An updated hazard assessment is in effect through December 3, maintaining an overall assessment of danger across all regions, while noting an increased concern regarding gas emissions around Svartsengi.