Heat warnings have saved 14,000 lives across Europe, study finds

Heatwave alerts have significantly reduced deaths in Europe, according to a new study reported by the Finnish Meteorological Institute on Thursday.

The research found that mortality rates dropped by more than 25% on average after countries began issuing heat warnings, equating to over 14,000 lives saved across the continent.

In Finland, the institute estimates that annual heat warnings and public awareness campaigns have prevented dozens of deaths by increasing understanding of heat-related health risks.

The study analyzed data from over 100 European locations, comparing temperature records and mortality figures over nearly 30 years across 14 countries. Statistical models assessed how heat-related deaths changed after each country introduced heat warning systems or preparedness measures.

Early heatwaves have already triggered warnings in several European nations this May, with central and western Europe experiencing unusually high temperatures. Italy’s health ministry issued heat alerts for four cities on Thursday, while London recorded its highest-ever May temperature of 34.8°C on Monday. Germany has also seen near-35°C heat, with Spain currently facing Europe’s highest temperatures—ranging from 30°C to 40°C depending on the region.

Heat warnings are now active in Belgium, France, Luxembourg, and Portugal. Warning thresholds vary by country; in Finland, a first-level alert is issued when daily highs reach at least 27°C and the average temperature stays above 20°C.