Saimaa ringed seal population strengthens despite challenges in Lake Saimaa

The critically endangered Saimaa ringed seal population continues to strengthen. According to data from Metsähallitus in January, there are an estimated 495 seals. This estimate does not account for approximately 95 pups born in the spring, of which over 20 have sadly not survived due to higher mortality rates exacerbated by a mild winter that damaged seal breeding sites. It is believed that the actual number of Saimaa seals currently living in Lake Saimaa is significantly over 500.

However, making an accurate population assessment is challenging due to high pup mortality as well as the loss of numerous seals each year. Miina Auttila, a conservation specialist at Metsähallitus, noted that it is not feasible to count every living seal, making the estimate indicative rather than precise. This year alone, 38 dead seals have been reported, but real mortality could be up to three times higher.

The population has almost doubled over the past decade, partly due to added fishing restrictions in the spring, which have helped prevent the drowning of orphaned pups. Significant growth has been observed in the northern and southern parts of Lake Saimaa. However, areas north of Savonlinna have shown no positive development in the past six years.

Metsähallitus is investigating why the population is not increasing in these northern regions like it is in Pihlajavesi, a core area for the species. Auttila stated that Saimaa seals are highly site-faithful, suggesting that higher mortality rates may be a factor in these regions.

Efforts to revitalize the seal population have included translocations; in 2023-2024, three seals were moved from Pihlajavesi to Kolovesi, between Savonlinna and Varkaus, to promote genetic diversity among the populations.